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Johann Karl Burckhardt
Johann Karl Burckhardt (30 April 1773 – 22 June 1825) was a German-born astronomer and mathematician who later became a naturalized French citizen. (He later became known as Jean Charles Burckhardt -- as in the engraved portrait shown here). He is remembered in particular for his work in fundamental astronomy, and for his lunar theory, which was in widespread use for the construction of navigational ephemerides of the Moon for much of the first half of the nineteenth century.
==Life and career==
Burckhardt was born in Leipzig, where he studied mathematics and astronomy. Later he became an assistant at the Gotha Observatory and studied under Franz Xaver von Zach. On von Zach's recommendation he joined the observatory of the École militaire in Paris, then directed by Jérôme Lalande. He was appointed as ''astronome-adjoint'' to the ''Bureau des Longitudes'' and received his letters of French naturalization as a French citizen in 1799, and was elected to the ''L'Institut National des Sciences et des Arts'' in 1804. After Lalande's death in 1807, Burckhardt became director of the observatory at the École militaire.〔See pp.571-2 in ''Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie'', Band 3, (Leipzig) 1876; also p.343 in ''Encyclopedie des Gens du Monde'', tome 4, part 1, Paris 1834.〕
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